Preserving the beauty of coral reefs: a key issue for conservation and sustainable tourism

[Press release] - Published on June 19, 2025 in Press Corner, Science-Society

The beauty of nature strengthens our bond with it and our desire to protect it. This is particularly true for coral reefs, the colorful jewels of the planet, now under threat. An international study by researchers from the University of Montpellier, CNRS and their partners, published on Monday June 16, 2025 in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), reveals how the aesthetics of reefs influence their conservation, and underlines the importance of integrating this dimension into environmental policies.

Photo credit: Rick Stuart-Smith

When the beauty of fish becomes a lever for conservation

An international team of researchers has studied the perceived beauty of over 3,500 tropical fish assemblages worldwide. Combining data from a global coral reef monitoring program and online opinion surveys on fish aesthetics, they have shown that beauty depends on both the number of species present and the presence of particularly spectacular species. With their bright colors and original shapes, these "beautiful" fish contribute to the attractiveness of reefs. The study also reveals that marine protected areas enhance this beauty, particularly in tropical regions, regardless of the wealth of the countries concerned.

An asset for tourism and a driving force for emotion

These results argue in favor of taking greater account of the aesthetic dimension in conservation policies. More than just an ecological heritage, coral reefs are also a powerful emotional force for local populations and visitors alike. Their beauty supports sustainable tourism, which is essential to the economies of many countries in the South. While less than 7% of coral reefs today benefit from effective protection, this study invites us to rethink conservation priorities: preserving the beauty of the oceans also means preserving their power to inspire and their role in human societies.

"The beauty of coral reefs is more than just their appearance: it strengthens our bond with nature and our desire to protect it. Our research shows that species richness and the presence of fish with exceptional shapes or colors make reefs more beautiful, and therefore more valuable to the public. Developing tropical countries have a unique potential to protect reefs of exceptional beauty, with ecological, cultural and economic benefits," declares Nicolas Mouquet.