Preserving the beauty of coral reefs: a key issue for conservation and sustainable tourism

[Press release] - Published on June 19, 2025 in Press Room, Science-Society

The beauty of nature strengthens our connection to it and our desire to protect it. This is particularly true for coral reefs, the colorful jewels of the planet, which are now under threat. An international study conducted by researchers from the University of Montpellier, the CNRS, and their partners, published on Monday, June 16, 2025, in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), reveals how the aesthetics of reefs influence their conservation and highlights the importance of integrating this dimension into environmental policies.

Photo credit: Rick Stuart-Smith

When the beauty of fish becomes a lever for conservation

An international team of researchers studied the perceived beauty of more than 3,500 tropical fish assemblages around the world. By combining data from a global coral reef monitoring program and online opinion surveys on fish aesthetics, they showed that beauty depends both on the number of species present and the presence of particularly spectacular species. With their bright colors and unusual shapes, these so-called "beautiful" fish contribute to the appeal of reefs. The study also reveals that marine protected areas enhance this beauty, particularly in tropical regions, regardless of the wealth of the countries concerned.

An asset for tourism and a source of excitement

These findings call for greater consideration of the aesthetic dimension in conservation policies. More than just ecological heritage, coral reefs are also a powerful emotional driver for local populations and visitors. Their beauty supports sustainable tourism, which is essential to the economies of many countries in the Global South. With less than 7% of coral reefs currently enjoying effective protection, this study calls for a rethinking of conservation priorities: preserving the beauty of the oceans also means preserving their power to inspire and their role in human societies.

The beauty of coral reefs is not limited to their appearance: it strengthens our connection with nature and our desire to protect it. Our research shows that species richness and the presence of fish with exceptional shapes or colors make reefs more beautiful, and therefore more valuable in the eyes of the public. Tropical developing countries have a unique potential to protect reefs of exceptional beauty, with ecological, cultural, and economic benefits," says Nicolas Mouquet.